50 Articles
La Geer-Jeremiah, A. O. S., Taylor Harris, F. S.
The integration of AI-powered real-time recommendations is transforming livestream tourism marketing, yet a unified understanding of its impact on customer engagement and booking decisions is absent. Following the PRISMA protocol, this systematic review synthesizes evidence from 15 empirical studies to address this gap. The analysis is guided by the theoretical frameworks of the Stimulus-Organism-Response (S-O-R) model and Uses and Gratifications (U&G) theory. The analysis reveals that AI’s power is not direct but psychologically mediated, operating through a critical human-AI synergy. The streamer’s authenticity is foundational for building trust, while the AI functions as a real-time decision-support tool, amplifying rather than replacing the human element. However, a key paradox emerges: while personalization boosts engagement, it risks perceived intrusiveness and suppresses the serendipitous discovery vital to tourism. We conclude that success depends on designing for ‘value-centric transparency,’ where AI augments the human connection. Given the review’s heavy reliance on data from the Chinese market, we critically highlight the urgent need for cross-cultural validation and a decisive shift from studying behavioral intentions to tracking actual bookings.
Aditya Koradia, Mathew Saili
This study examines the evolving challenges faced by women-owned small and medium-sized enterprises (WSMEs) operating in the high-income areas of Lusaka, Zambia. WSMEs constitute over 60% of the country’s SME sector and play a vital role in economic development. Drawing from both literature and primary data collected through 17 questionnaires, the study identifies limited access to finance, inadequate training, family responsibilities, and gender discrimination as the main barriers to growth. Findings reveal that only 11.76% of participants accessed formal loans, indicating a continued reliance on informal finance, while limited training opportunities from government and non-government institutions hinder business development. Although family responsibilities and traditional gender roles remain obstacles, 70.6% of respondents observed positive shifts in societal attitudes toward women entrepreneurs over the past decade. The study concludes that while financial and structural barriers remain, changing perceptions show the progress Zambia is making, though there are several recommendations for the Zambian government to further empower women business owners.
Zulkiffly Baharom
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is transforming internal audit functions in financial institutions, offering capabilities such as predictive analytics, automated risk assessment, and real-time monitoring. In Islamic financial institutions (IFIs), integrating AI presents unique challenges and opportunities, particularly in aligning technological innovations with Shariah governance and ethical principles. Despite growing interest in AI applications, research on integrating AI into internal auditing for IFIs remains limited. This study proposes a conceptual framework illustrating the role of AI in enhancing internal audit effectiveness while ensuring compliance with Maqasid al-Shariah. The framework addresses key opportunities, including improved efficiency, fraud detection, and compliance monitoring, as well as conceptual challenges such as algorithmic bias, data privacy, and ethical accountability. The paper contributes to theory by extending audit and governance literature through the lens of digital transformation in Islamic finance. Practical implications are offered for regulators, Shariah boards, and internal auditors seeking to adopt AI responsibly. Future research directions include empirical validation of the proposed framework and cross-comparative studies with conventional financial institutions.
Dr. Benard Nuwatuhaire, Dr. Mpairwe Anthony, Mwesigye Fred
This study was set to assess the effectiveness of the church of Uganda in fighting drug abuse and crime rate in Uganda. This study applied qualitative approach on a sample size of 91 respondents. The study used both primary and secondary data. Primary data was collected by use of a structured interview guide since the nature of the data was qualitative. The secondary data was obtained from the church reports and library which were reviewed for completeness and consistency for thematic analysis. The study findings revealed that the church of Uganda plays a vital role in fighting against drug abuse and crime rate in Sheema Municipality including training and awareness programs, counseling and supports, community engagement and partnerships and collaboration and that Church of Uganda faces significant challenges in efficiently fighting against drug abuse and crime rates such as limited access to limited financial resources for organizing workshops, seminars and conferences aiming at fighting against drug abuse and crime rates, poor mindset change especially among the youths and limited skilled personnel to provide counselling and guidance services among the youth. To address these challenges, this research proposed for the provision of counseling services and support groups to help young people struggling with addiction, offering a safe and non-judgmental space for them to share their experiences. This study recommended that the church should design mentorship programs that aim to bring people especially young people closer to the church and this reduces on rate of drug abuse as a pair youth with positive role models who can guide and support them in making healthy life choices also that church should also create opportunities for youth to engage in positive activities, such as sports, arts, and community service, to keep them occupied and focused on constructive pursuits.
Akuma, N., Nnadi, D.N., Nnubia, V.A., Okpube, N.M.
The study assessed the availability of resources for the implementation of early childhood education and care curriculum in pre-primary schools. Descriptive survey research design was used. Two research questions and two null hypotheses tested at 0.05 level of significance guided the study. The population of the study consisted of 487 public pre-primary school teachers teaching in the six education zones in the seventeen local government areas of Enugu State. The sample for the study was 195 pre-primary school teachers. A checklist with reliability coefficient of 0.87 was used for data collection. Mean and standard deviation were used in answering the research questions while t-test was used to analyze the hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. Results revealed that many resources were not available at all in public pre-primary schools while some are available but very few in number and thus not enough. The study concluded that inadequate human and material resources in public pre-primary schools implies that the early childhood education and care curriculum is not being well implemented in public pre-primary schools. Thus, the researchers recommended that government should pay more attention to pre-primary schools in their states by ensuring that all the necessary materials needed for this level of education are adequately provided.
Noris Fatilla Ismail, Roziyana Jafri, Syahida Abd Aziz
The rapid growth of financial technology (fintech) has reshaped payment behaviours globally, yet the adoption of mobile payment systems among Generation Z remains uneven. Despite being digital natives, this cohort exhibits varied levels of trust, technological readiness, and digital confidence. This study aims to examine the evolution and focus of existing research on Generation Z’s mobile payment adoption, identify key determinants influencing their behavioural intentions, and highlight emerging research directions. Using a systematic literature review supported by Scopus AI data (as of 4 November 2025), the study synthesizes conceptual frameworks, topic experts, and thematic mappings to uncover consistent and emerging factors shaping adoption behaviour. The findings indicate that perceived usefulness, trust, ease of use, and financial literacy are core predictors of mobile payment adoption among Gen Z, while new themes such as technostress, AI integration, and omnichannel engagement are gaining prominence. Theoretically, the study extends technology adoption models by incorporating psychological and contextual factors unique to Gen Z. Practically, it provides insights for fintech developers and policymakers to design user-centric, secure, and engaging digital payment ecosystems. These findings underscore the need for future research exploring emotional, social, and cultural influences in Gen Z’s financial technology adoption.
Mohd Firdaus Ruslan, Mohd Shafiz Saharan, Nor Ananiza Azhar, Norhafiza Hashim, Roseamilda Mansor
This review synthesises recent empirical studies that examine the relationship between ethical leadership, psychological safety, and employee engagement across diverse organisational and cultural contexts. Guided by the PRISMA framework, a systematic search of Scopus and Web of Science databases identified seven empirical studies that met the inclusion criteria. The findings reveal that ethical, benevolent, inclusive, and authentic forms of leadership consistently enhance trust, fairness, and psychological safety, which subsequently promote engagement, creativity, and innovation. Psychological safety emerges as the primary mediating mechanism through which moral conduct translates into behavioural and emotional engagement, supported by complementary mediators such as trust, job satisfaction, and workplace friendship. Cultural factors, including power distance and collectivism, influence the strength and expression of these relationships, suggesting that ethical leadership is interpreted differently across contexts. The review integrates insights from Social Exchange Theory and Social Learning Theory, framing ethical leadership as both a relational and cognitive process that shapes the moral–psychological climate of organisations. It concludes that ethical leadership should be viewed as a strategic capability that nurtures psychological safety, engagement, and well-being, particularly within the evolving realities of hybrid and cross-cultural workplaces.
Noris Fatilla Ismail, Roziyana Jafri, Syahida Abd Aziz
The growing demand for organizational effectiveness has intensified interest in the integration of quality management (QM) and performance appraisal (PA). Yet, their relationship remains fragmented in both theory and practice. While QM emphasizes continuous improvement, customer focus, and operational efficiency, PA is primarily concerned with evaluating employee contributions and aligning them with organizational goals. The problem addressed in this study is the lack of consolidated insights into how these two domains intersect, particularly in terms of enhancing both organizational performance and employee engagement. This study aims to critically review the literature to identify consistent and emerging themes that define the relationship between QM and PA, as well as the associated challenges and future directions. The study employed a systematic literature review approach, synthesizing peer-reviewed research articles, conceptual papers, and case studies across management and organizational performance domains. Findings reveal three consistent themes: the enduring influence of Total Quality Management (TQM) on organizational performance, the role of performance management systems in employee motivation, and the adoption of innovative appraisal methods. In addition, two rising themes were identified: the integration of QM with innovation performance, and the expansion of QM systems in specialized industries such as healthcare and automotive. The implications of this study are both theoretical and practical. Theoretically, it bridges QM and PA as mutually reinforcing processes within organizational performance frameworks. Practically, it highlights the need for hybrid models that align QM practices with modern, technology-driven appraisal systems, offering pathways for sustainable growth, innovation, and employee engagement.
Alex Adetayo Adediran
In an era of unprecedented uncertainty and disruption, the survival of organizations in emerging economies increasingly depends on their ability to adapt, innovate, and remain resilient. This study examines the combined influence of leadership and creativity on building organizational resilience and sustaining business performance within the Nigerian telecommunications industry, a sector marked by intense competition, regulatory complexity, and technological volatility. Drawing on theories of adaptive and transformational leadership as well as creativity and resilience frameworks, the study explores how leadership behaviors stimulate creativity-driven resilience that enables firms to withstand and recover from environmental shocks. A quantitative research design was employed using data collected from 383 employees across major multinational and indigenous telecommunications firms in Nigeria. Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) was applied to test the hypothesized relationships among leadership, creativity, resilience, and business survival. The results revealed that adaptive and transformational leadership styles significantly predict organisational resilience through the mediating role of creativity. Leaders who encourage experimentation, inspire innovation, and provide intellectual stimulation were found to enhance employees’ capacity to respond creatively to uncertainty. Furthermore, resilient firms demonstrated superior operational stability, stronger customer loyalty, and greater adaptability to technological and regulatory disruptions. Theoretically, this study contributes to leadership and resilience literature by integrating creativity as a central mechanism linking leadership behaviours with long-term organisational adaptability. It advances understanding of how adaptive leadership functions within emerging market contexts, where structural constraints and resource limitations intensify the need for creative problem-solving. Practically, the findings underscore the necessity for leadership development programmes, HR strategies, and organisational policies that institutionalise creativity and resilience as strategic imperatives. Policymakers are also urged to design supportive regulatory frameworks that foster innovation and capacity building across the telecommunications ecosystem. Ultimately, this research provides both scholars and practitioners with actionable insights into how adaptive leadership and creativity can serve as twin pillars for building resilient organisations in volatile business environments.
Abarigu Prekebina Claudius
This study compared the effect of capital and recurrent expenditure on Nigeria economic growth. The objective was to compare the effect capital and recurrent expenditure on Nigeria economic growth. Time series data were collected from Central Bank of Nigeria Statistical Bulletin from 1990-2021. Real gross domestic product was modeled as the function of capital and recurrent expenditure on administration, social services, economic service and transfer. Ordinary least square method, Augmented Dickey Fuller unit root test, cointegration, granger causality test and vector error correction was used as data analysis methods. The study found adjusted R-Square of the capital expenditure is 0.355303 while the recurrent expenditure is 0.341396. This indicates that capital expenditure explained 35.5 percent while recurrent expenditure explained 34.1 percent variation in Nigeria economic growth. The two models were statistically significant when judged by the value of F-statistic and probability. Capital expenditure on administration added 0.73 on Nigeria economic growth while recurrent expenditure on administration reduced economic growth by 6.3 percent. Capital expenditure on economic service added 0.86 while recurrent added 8.94 percent on economic growth, capital expenditure on social services added 0.98 while recurrent added 3.88 percent, capital expenditure on transfers added 0.93 while recurrent reduced by 0.1 percent. From the findings, the study conclude that capital expenditure has greater effect on economic growth than recurrent expenditure. The study recommends more budget allocations to capital expenditure than recurrent expenditure for better economic growth.
Dr. Ajit Kumar Mishra, Pravata Kumar Jena
Purpose: This study investigates how corporate governance practices—board independence, board diversity, shareholder rights, and transparency—shape ESG performance in Indian manufacturing firms, and whether firm size and profitability strengthen these effects. Design/methodology/approach: Using secondary data for 120 NSE/BSE-listed manufacturers over 2016–2023, ESG scores were obtained from CRISIL, S&P Global, ESGRisk.ai/Refinitiv, and SES, while governance and financial variables were compiled from annual reports, BRSR filings, and SEBI disclosures; analyses comprised descriptive statistics, Pearson correlations, multiple regression for direct effects, and moderated regression to test interactions with firm size and profitability. Findings: Transparency in reporting and board independence emerge as the strongest, statistically significant predictors of ESG performance; board diversity has a positive but comparatively smaller effect, and shareholder rights show a weaker yet positive association; moderation tests reveal that larger and more profitable firms convert governance strengths into superior ESG outcomes more effectively. Originality/value: The paper provides sector-specific, India-focused evidence on the governance–ESG nexus across the BRR→BRSR transition, integrates agency, stakeholder, and resource-based perspectives, and jointly models two organizational moderators—size and profitability—offering nuanced insights beyond headline ESG scores. Implications: Managers should prioritize credible, decision-useful transparency and reinforce independent, diverse boards to enhance ESG performance; policymakers can deepen BRSR guidance, assurance standards, and capacity-building incentives for mid-cap manufacturers; investors should weight transparency quality and board structure alongside ESG ratings to better assess sustainability credibility and risk.
Nana Amma Adjovu
Ghana’s gig economy, driven by platforms such as Uber and Bolt, provides economic opportunities but also exposes workers to vulnerabilities due to limited labour protections under the Labour Act, 2003 (Act 651). Considered independent contractors, gig workers lack access to social security, collective bargaining, and safety protections. This paper examines legal gaps in the labour law framework and advocates reforms aligned with International Labour Organisation (ILO) standards, proposing a hybrid “dependent contractor” category, platform-funded social protections, and algorithmic transparency. It addresses specific challenges, including the identified legal gaps, institutional constraints, and informality, while leveraging the Digital Ghana Agenda and promoting multi-stakeholder collaboration. Although the paper recognises that much remains to be done to integrate gig workers into the labour law framework, it acknowledges that a phased approach fosters decent work and positions Ghana as a leader in Africa’s digital labour regulation.
Nur Syafiqah Hussin, Syahida Md Zeni, Yusniyati Yusri
The pressure to address climate change by stakeholders pushes business players to pledge their climate commitment via reporting and disclosure. This mechanism signals the firm's climate adaptation and mitigation efforts, projecting their environmental performance. The study aims to investigate the drivers of climate transparency among publicly listed firms in Malaysia, with a focus on the perspectives of financial strength and corporate governance. Climate transparency is assessed based on the Task Force on Climate-related Financial Disclosures (TCFD) framework, in parallel with Malaysia's regulatory requirements. By adopting a panel data analysis, the study found that leverage, firm size, and the adoption of innovation are significant drivers of climate transparency among firms in Malaysia. However, no significant relationship was found for profitability, sales growth, board independence, and CEO duality. The study provides valuable insights to help market players prepare for a compliance strategy as climate change reporting becomes mandatory in Malaysia in 2025 under the National Sustainability Reporting Framework.
Atirah Sufian, Mohd Fauzi Kamarudin, Mohd Fazli Mohd Sam, Norhidayah Jamaluddin, Siti Nur Aisyah Alias, Thahira Bibi TKM Thangal
Entrepreneurship is central to achieving the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and Malaysia’s national strategies to create jobs, foster innovation, and encourage youth entrepreneurship. Supporting this vision, Malaysian universities play a vital role in developing entrepreneurial mindsets, with AI chatbots emerging as innovative tools in teaching and learning. This study investigates students’ intention to use AI chatbots in entrepreneurship education across the Malaysian Technical University Network (MTUN), using the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) extended with perceived trust. Survey data from 377 students revealed that perceived ease of use, usefulness, and trust significantly influence intention, explaining 71% of the variance, with ease of use being the strongest predictor. The findings highlight the importance of user-friendly, trustworthy, and effective chatbot systems to support entrepreneurial education and align with national development goals.
Dr Esau Mengich, Lyna Adhiambo Onyango
E-procurement emerged in the 1980s alongside the development of Electronic Data Interchange. Advances in Electronic Data Interchange technology enabled organizations to establish online vendor catalogs, streamlining procurement processes. Despite its recognized benefits, many government ministries, including those in Kakamega County, still face significant inefficiencies due to persistent manual procurement processes, leading to delays and resource misallocation. This study investigated the diffusion of electronic procurement systems within Kakamega County Government Ministries, focusing on the relationship between electronic procurement adoption, information and communications technology training, procurement innovations, and implementation challenges, specifically addressing the ongoing challenges of manual systems and proposing solutions through technological integration. A qualitative case study design was adopted, grounded in the Resource-Based View theory, to provide practical insights beyond theoretical constructs. Data was collected through interviews, observations, and document analysis, with rigorous validation measures such as pilot testing, member checking, and triangulation ensuring data trustworthiness. A purposive sampling strategy was employed, targeting 10 participants across three ministries under study. Thematic analysis and validation were utilized to extract meaningful conclusions aligned with qualitative research methodologies. The findings revealed that targeted information and communications technology/information technology training enhanced user confidence and optimized procurement workflows, directly addressing the lack of preparedness for electronic procurement systems. The adoption of innovative tools such as mobile applications and blockchain technology improved efficiency and transparency, offering solutions to existing bottlenecks. However, challenges such as limited training access and infrastructure gaps persisted, requiring tailored interventions to overcome resistance to change and ensure successful implementation. These efforts transformed Kakamega County Government’s procurement practices into a more efficient and accountable framework. This study held significance beyond its immediate scope, with contributions that informed policy decisions, enriched existing literature by addressing the empirical gap in local ministry electronic procurement adoption, and enhanced operational efficiency within government ministries and the broader field of supply chain management by providing actionable strategies for overcoming implementation hurdles.
Barbara Mensah Otwey, Vivian Ayemin Kudzedzi
This study examined the influence of effective communication on employee engagement among university administrators in higher education. Using a quantitative, cross-sectional survey design, data were collected from 150 administrative staff of the University of Cape Coast, Ghana, selected through stratified random sampling. Structured questionnaires measured communication effectiveness and engagement dimensions, and the data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression techniques. The results revealed a strong positive correlation (r = 0.71, p < 0.01) between effective communication and employee engagement, indicating that open, transparent, and participatory communication significantly enhances motivation and commitment. Regression analysis further showed that communication clarity (β = 0.41, p < 0.01), feedback mechanisms (β = 0.36, p < 0.01), and management openness (β = 0.29, p < 0.01) jointly explained 68% of the variance in engagement levels (R² = 0.68). However, challenges such as limited interaction between top management and lower-level staff and unequal information dissemination persisted. The study concludes that effective communication is a strategic tool for promoting employee engagement and recommends that university management strengthen feedback systems, ensure inclusivity in communication, and build leadership communication competence to enhance institutional performance.
Maisarah Mohamed Saat, Nor Amira Syairah Binti Zulkarnaini, Tan Ling Lie
In the fast-changing digital era, emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), blockchain, and data analytics have significantly changed the accounting profession. These changes have contributed to the concept of employability and reshaped the expectations of accountants’ roles. The advancements in these emerging technologies will replace routine tasks and, at the same time, create new ones. Therefore, it is essential for accountants to improve their skills to secure their current positions and, hence, enhance their employability. This article explores the effects of emerging technology skills to Malaysian accountants’ employability within the organisations, with a focus on the moderating role of organisational support.
Noris Fatilla Ismail, Roziyana Jafri, Syahida Abd Aziz
In today’s volatile and technology-driven work environments, employees’ ability to adapt effectively to rapid changes has become a critical determinant of organizational resilience. However, research on how leadership styles foster adaptive performance remains fragmented, with inconsistent findings across contexts. This paper addresses this gap by systematically reviewing the literature on empowering leadership as a catalyst for adaptive performance. The aim was to analyze the research landscape, identify conceptual linkages between empowerment and adaptability, and highlight emerging themes and expert contributions using Scopus Artificial Intelligence (AI) data as of 4 November 2025. Findings reveal that empowering leadership consistently enhances adaptive performance through key mechanisms such as psychological empowerment, leader–member exchange (LMX), and knowledge sharing. The review identifies that empowering leadership not only increases employee autonomy and competence but also fosters engagement and well-being factors essential for flexibility and innovation. Practical implications suggest that organizations should prioritize empowerment-oriented leadership development, focusing on autonomy, participative decision-making, and psychological safety to cultivate adaptive, resilient teams. Nevertheless, the review acknowledges limitations, including database scope, cross-sectional biases, and contextual variability across studies. Future research should employ longitudinal and cross-cultural designs to explore the boundary conditions of empowering leadership and its interaction with other leadership styles, such as ethical or digital leadership. Overall, this review establishes empowering leadership as a multidimensional and context-responsive construct central to fostering adaptive performance in the digital era.
Ahmad Yunus Mohd Noor, Mohd Zuki Man
Training and education based on Islamic values are very important to help members of the Malaysian Armed Forces have the correct understanding and can practice Islamic teachings in their daily lives. Excellent personalities, such as faith, trust, and integrity, are the effects that arise from balanced spiritual and physical education. This study aims to examine the empowerment initiatives that have been and are being carried out to strengthen training modules, educational curricula, and teaching approaches that are more dynamic and relevant to current needs. This initial focus focuses on the training and education management structure at ILMI and the training and education concepts implemented. This study uses qualitative methods, namely library analysis, document analysis, and observation. This article is hoped to provide an initial overview of the need for improvement and to formulate effective strategies in empowering this institution so that it remains relevant in producing military personnel who are integrity-based, disciplined, and have a strong Muslim identity.
Cecilia Hayford., Vivian Ayemin Kudzedzi.
This research investigated the correlation between employee learning and the institutionalisation of ethics inside organisations, using empirical data from administrative personnel at the University of Cape Coast, Ghana. A quantitative, cross-sectional survey methodology was used to gather data from 160 administrative personnel using structured questionnaires, which were then analysed by descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression methods. The findings demonstrated a robust positive association (r = 0.71, p < 0.01) between employee learning and the institutionalisation of ethics. Regression analysis revealed that leadership modelling (β = 0.38, p < 0.01), ethical awareness (β = 0.33, p < 0.01), and training programs (β = 0.29, p < 0.05) jointly accounted for 67% of the variation in ethical institutionalisation (R² = 0.67). These results highlight the essential need for ongoing education and leadership dedication in fostering an ethical culture inside higher education organisations. The research advocates for the integration of structured ethics training modules and quantifiable ethical performance indicators into employee evaluation systems to improve ethical behaviour and organisational integrity.
Fadilah Zaini, Kartini Binti Mat Rashid, Norul Huda Binti Mat Rashid
This study examines the interplay between ethical dilemmas, reward systems, and employee performance in higher education institutions. To address previous limitations, this version integrates clearer empirical specificity, comparative insights across institutions and faculty levels, and illustrative vignettes based on real ethical challenges. A mixed-method explanatory sequential design has been strengthened with detailed sampling strategies, justification of sample sizes, and culturally grounded theoretical integration. Findings show that justice perceptions significantly mediate the effects of ethical dilemmas and reward systems, while ethical leadership and ethics training moderate these relationships. Integrating Western theories with Islamic ethical paradigms provides deeper cultural relevance, particularly for Islamic-based higher education. This refined version enhances conceptual clarity, empirical depth, and practical applicability.
Bashaija Enock, Dr. Andrew Ainomugisha, Dr. Benard Nuwatuhaire
This study examined the relationship between evangelism and the spiritual commitment of Christians in the Diocese of West Ankole, Bushenyi District, Uganda. A cross-sectional research design integrating both quantitative and qualitative methods was employed. A sample of 287 respondents, including church leaders, lay leaders, adult Christians, and youth members, was selected through purposive, systematic random, and simple random sampling techniques. Data were collected using questionnaires and semi-structured interviews, and analyzed using SPSS for quantitative data and thematic analysis for qualitative data. Findings revealed that evangelistic outreach programs were regularly organized and positively influenced spiritual commitment, particularly in strengthening Christian values and motivating personal devotional practices. Bible study and discipleship programs were found to be significantly depending on understanding and practical application of the Christian faith, while youth evangelism activities actively engaged young people and contributed to their spiritual growth and church involvement. Correlation analysis demonstrated strong positive associations between evangelism components and spiritual commitment indicators. The study concluded that evangelism plays a vital role in fostering authentic spiritual transformation and recommended strengthening discipleship, expanding outreach efforts, and enhancing youth engagement.
Dr. Andrew Ainomugisha, Dr. Benard Nuwatuhaire, Naboth Kasibayo
This study investigated the influence of evangelism approaches on church member retention in Kabwohe Parish, Diocese of West Ankole. Specifically, it examined the roles of evangelistic outreach programs, Bible study and discipleship, and youth evangelism activities in enhancing spiritual commitment, active participation, and sustained church membership. A cross-sectional research design was employed, with data collected through self-administered questionnaires from 234 Christian congregants and in-depth interviews with church leaders. Quantitative data were analyzed using SPSS, employing descriptive statistics and correlation analysis, while thematic analysis was used for qualitative data. The findings revealed that all three evangelism approaches significantly contributed to member retention, with Bible study and discipleship having the strongest influence on spiritual growth and sustained membership. Youth evangelism was found to be vital for engaging and retaining young church members. The study recommends strengthening evangelistic outreach, enhancing discipleship programs, and expanding youth ministry activities to improve overall retention.
Oladele O. Aluko, Yahaya Ismail
This study examines the socio-economic and demographic determinants of poverty in Nigeria, for sustainable solutions. By using data obtained from the Federal Reserve Economic Data (FRED) and the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS), the study employs the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression technique to analyze the relationship between poverty rates and key explanatory variables such as unemployment rate, human development index (HDI), and population growth. The results reveal that human development has a significant negative effect on poverty, indicating that improvements in education, healthcare, and income levels lead to substantial reductions in poverty levels. Conversely, population growth exhibits a significant positive relationship with poverty, implying that rapid population expansion exacerbates economic hardship and resource scarcity. Although unemployment has a positive but statistically insignificant relationship with poverty, it still contributes to the socioeconomic challenges facing the nation. The findings highlight that sustainable poverty reduction in Nigeria depends on enhanced human capital development, effective population management, and improved social and economic policies. Therefore, the study recommends targeted interventions aimed at promoting inclusive growth, strengthening social welfare systems, and fostering equitable access to education and employment opportunities for long-term poverty alleviation.
Iman Fahmi Yusof., Norsyazwana Jenuwa., Nur ‘Ain Ismail, Siti Sarah Mat Isa, Wan Norizan Wan Ismail.
In advancing the construction industry toward the green path, it is crucial to embrace the use of advanced technologies, such as Artificial Intelligence (AI). This shift is strongly supported as a nation strives to achieve its sustainable development goals. However, several challenges accompany this ambition, including the demand for a proficient workforce, high initial expenses, and resistance to change. Thus, this study endeavours to investigate the benefits of AI implementation, including the challenges that impede its adoption in construction projects within the Malaysian construction industry. The data for this study were obtained from G7 contractor firms in Selangor registered with the Construction Industry Development Board (CIDB). A simple random sampling was used to determine the sample size. A total of 156 respondents participated in this study. The data obtained was analysed using SPSS software. The findings highlighted the main benefits of implementing AI in the construction industry, revealing a growing use of AI technologies, including AI-based risk analysis and mitigation strategies to improve project outcomes, minimise potential disruptions and enhance project quality control through real-time monitoring. Insufficient data quality and availability hinder the effective utilisation of AI. Thus, this study recommends that the government offer more initiatives, incentives, and training programmes to construction practitioners to enhance the integration of AI in construction projects towards achieving environmental sustainability.
Hod Amin, Mohd Halim Kadri, Raja Adzrin Raja Ahmad
This study explores Malaysian listed companies’ trends in sustainability reporting between 2018 and 2022. The study focuses on economic, environmental, and social disclosures. The findings indicate an increase in total sustainability reporting from 2018 to 2022 with social reporting consistently leads, followed by economic, while environmental reporting remains the least disclosed. The study highlights the increasing volume of disclosures, regulatory influences, the adoption of sustainability frameworks, and ongoing challenges such as management focus and commitment, emphasis, influence, business strategy cost and assurance as the reasons of the trend.
Noris Fatilla Ismail, Roziyana Jafri, Shazwani Mohd Salleh, Syahida Abd Aziz
The escalating global environmental crisis has intensified the urgency to reorient education systems toward sustainability, prompting a surge of scholarly interest in green education and training. Despite widespread advocacy for sustainability integration, the field remains fragmented, with variations in implementation, scope, and theoretical grounding across regions and disciplines. To address this gap, the present study aims to analyze the evolution, conceptual linkages, and emerging trends in green education and training for sustainability through a data-driven lens. The search strategy combined keywords related to green education, sustainability training, and competency development, yielding a robust dataset spanning multiple disciplines. Findings reveal that sustainability integration within higher education curricula remains a consistent theme, emphasizing curriculum reform and experiential learning. Rising themes include sustainability education in engineering, environmental behavior change, and lifelong learning, reflecting a growing shift toward applied, interdisciplinary, and behavioral approaches. A novel theme emerged around green training and organizational learning, underscoring the expanding relevance of sustainability beyond academia into professional and corporate contexts. The study highlights the theoretical significance of linking transformative learning, systems thinking, and organizational learning frameworks to sustainability education. Practically, it calls for stronger policy alignment, cross-sector collaboration, and the adoption of digital innovations to enhance sustainability competencies. Despite limitations related to database scope and algorithmic interpretation, the study provides a comprehensive, AI-informed synthesis that advances both scholarly understanding and institutional practice in green education for sustainable development.
Dr. Benard Nuwatuhaire, Nahwera Bathel
This study sought to examine the relationship between Human Resource Management Practices and Employee Performance in Sheema District's health sector, focusing on Human Resource Compensation, Recruitment, and Training. A cross-sectional research design was employed, using a quantitative approach to gather data at a single point in time from all Health Centre IIIs and IVs in the district, on a sample size of 67 employees. Findings showed that Human Resource Compensation, Recruitment, and Training positively influenced employee performance, with Training being the most significant factor. The study concluded that well-structured Human Resource (HR) practices significantly enhance employee performance, essential for the effective delivery of healthcare services. The study recommended that government should aim at improving compensation packages, enhancing recruitment processes to match employees' skills with job requirements, expanding regular training programs, and continuously monitoring HR practices to improve employee performance and service quality in the health sector.
Erdenebold Tsegmid, Munkhdelger Tsevegjav, Nomynbayasgalan Suld, Nyamjav Enkhbold, Purevdulam Altantsetseg
In Mongolia, the institutional framework for supporting the professional development of university faculty members remains insufficiently effective. Globally, teacher evaluation systems have increasingly become the focus of attention, driven by two fundamental imperatives: improving the quality of teaching and strengthening accountability. In most countries, teachers’ performance is systematically and comprehensively assessed, and teaching standards are established as key determinants of educational quality. Although Mongolian public and private universities have established teacher development centers and adopted relevant programs, these institutions have not provided adequate support for enhancing faculty competencies in teaching, research, academic mobility, community service, and student advising. Moreover, the system of incentives and recognition remains weak. This study aims to examine whether the provisions of the Law on Supporting Teacher Development (2018) have achieved their legislative objectives, how the law has been implemented in practice, the extent of its acceptance, and whether it has produced unintended consequences. Data were collected from academic staff at public and private universities and analyzed using SPSS v26 and AMOS v26, testing the effects of moderator and mediator variables. The dependent and independent variables demonstrated significant and positive correlations; however, moderator and mediator variables proved statistically insignificant. The findings suggest that further theoretical and empirical inquiry is required to advance the understanding and practical application of teacher development policies in Mongolia.
Humaida Banu Samsudin, Nurfatin Azira Binti Mohd Anuar
The insurance industry in Malaysia is divided into two, conventional insurance and takaful. Both types of insurance have the same goal as protection against the risks faced by each individual or business. However, these two types of insurance have different management methods. Therefore, the way to get profit for these two types of insurance is also different. Due to the differences in the management of takaful and conventional insurance, the question arises about the difference in performance between these two types of insurance. This study was conducted to measure and compare the performance of conventional insurance and takaful based on the factors of solvency, liquidity, profitability, underwriting and efficiency. In addition, this study also aims to examine the relationship between the five factors and the type of insurance, namely conventional insurance and takaful. Financial statement data which is secondary data for conventional insurance and takaful companies in Malaysia for 10 years is used in this study. The method used in this study is logistic regression analysis. The results of the study show that conventional insurance is better than takaful in terms of solvency, liquidity and profitability. However, takaful is better than conventional insurance in underwriting and efficiency. Solvency shows an insignificant mean difference between conventional and takaful insurance companies in Malaysia. The results of the logistic regression analysis show that the factors of liquidity, profitability, underwriting and efficiency have an impact on the selection of the type of insurance that is between takaful and conventional insurance.
Imilia Husna Dilah, Muhammad Jauha Iqbal Dziyauddin, Norsyazwana Jenuwa, Siti Sarah Mat Isa, Wan Norizan Wan Ismail
This study investigates the level of Lean Construction (LC) implementation among G7 contractors in Malaysia. Despite its proven potential to improve productivity, reduce waste, and enhance project efficiency, the adoption of LC within the Malaysian construction industry remains limited. A quantitative research design was employed, using a structured questionnaire distributed to G7 contractors to assess their familiarity, awareness, and application of key LC techniques such as 5S, Just in Time (JIT), Value Stream Mapping (VSM), Last Planner System (LPS), and Kanban. Descriptive statistical analysis, including frequency, percentage, and mean score, was used to evaluate the data. Findings revealed that most respondents demonstrated a moderate level of familiarity with Lean Construction concepts, with 5S and JIT being the most commonly recognized and applied techniques. However, the overall level of implementation was found to be low, as many respondents reported that Lean practices were rarely applied in their organizations. This may be attributed to limited awareness of LC terminology, despite some contractors informally applying Lean principles in daily operations. The study concludes that while Lean Construction concepts are partially practiced, there is a need for greater awareness, training, and institutional support to strengthen Lean adoption in Malaysia’s construction sector.
Dr. Benard Nuwatuhaire, Dr. Nuwagaba Author, Mujinya Keneth
This study employed a cross-sectional descriptive research design using a mixed-methods approach to investigate the effect of leadership styles on the performance of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Bushenyi District, Uganda, on a sample size of 145 respondents. Specifically, it examined the influence of transformational, autocratic, and laissez-faire leadership styles on SME performance Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation, and regression analyses, while qualitative data were thematically analyzed. The findings revealed that transformational leadership positively and significantly enhances SMEs performance by inspiring employees, fostering innovation, and promoting teamwork. Conversely, autocratic and laissez-faire leadership styles were found to negatively impact SME performance, as they limit employee involvement, reduce morale, and create organizational inefficiencies. The study concludes that adopting transformational leadership practices is crucial for SMEs growth and sustainability. The study recommended that capacity-building programs for SME leaders and targeted policy interventions should be encouraged to encourage more participative and supportive leadership styles.
B. Beaula, Dr. D. Deepa
This research aims to find out how college and school teachers perceive their work-life quality and feelings at work. The research involved 144 participants. Information was collected with the help of a questionnaire. Teachers' perceptions regarding work-life quality were evaluated through the Walton (1975) "Quality of Work Life Scale," and their alienation level was determined through the Elma (2003) "Work Alienation Scale." The results indicated that teachers held negative perceptions about some topics of the Quality of Work Life scale, particularly regarding fair and satisfactory remuneration and the connection between work and life in general. All the sub-dimensions of both the Work Alienation and Quality of Work Life scales were found to be strongly and primarily negatively related.
Aidanazima Binti Abashah, Haslina Binti Hassan Basri, Mohd Sufino Zuhaily bin Mohd Sufian
This study plans investigate the factors influencing plagiarism behaviour among undergraduate from Faculty of Busines and Communication at Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP). With the advance of technology students are prompt to use AI tools like ChatGPT in completing their assignment. By referring of the Extended Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB), this study has examined the roles of attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioural control, moral obligations, and past violations in contributing to plagiarism behaviour using ChatGPT. A survey was distributed with 331 responses. Data was analyzed using Statistical Pack for Social Science (SPSS). The findings showed that attitudes, perceived behavioural control, moral obligations, and past violations had an influence of plagiaristic behaviour using AI tools such as ChatGPT However, no significant effect was found for subjective norms. This confirmed that policies and guidelines to address the challenge of AI-assisted plagiarism was required to uphold academic integrity in a university setting.
Azizah Ismail, Hairul Nizam Ismail
The Malaysian Homestay Experience Program (MHEP) stands as a flagship initiative in community-based tourism (CBT), designed to promote rural development and cultural exchange. Despite its success, limited empirical research has systematically quantified the influence dynamics among the program’s diverse stakeholders. This study addresses that gap by employing a fuzzy Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) approach to model stakeholder relationships within the MHEP. A total of 40 experts comprising government, homestay operators, local community, academician and non-governmental organization (NGO) were purposively selected to provide pairwise influence judgments across five key stakeholder groups: government, homestay operators, local communities, academician, and NGO. Findings reveal that government agencies and homestay operators emerge as the principal “cause” stakeholders with the highest net influence, driving decision-making and shaping program outcomes. In contrast, local communities and NGO are identified as “effect” stakeholders, primarily influenced by decisions from higher-tier actors. The results highlight the hierarchical nature of influence in MHEP governance, providing a structured map of stakeholder interactions. The findings offer actionable insights for policymakers by prioritizing strategic engagement with high-influence stakeholders and instituting inclusive mechanisms for less influential actors, long-term sustainability and resilience of the homestay program can be better achieved.
Emmanuel Ejiofo Nwanmuoh, Nwosu, Chinenye Racheal, Onah, Tobechukwu Francis, Ukpai, Ukpai Eni Ph.D
Maritime industry management environment has witnessed the proliferation of agencies without clear delineation of responsibilities. While multiple agencies are intended to strengthen the sector by bringing expertise and specialized support, their overlapping functions, poor coordination, and competition for relevance have generated certain inefficiencies that impede the efficient operation and development goals in the maritime industry. This study explores the implications of multiple agencies in the management of the maritime industry in Nigeria. Three objectives and three research questions and two hypotheses were proposed, answered and tested respectively in this study. Data was generated from 295 respondents, comprising of regulatory and government agencies, port administrators and terminal operators, port users and cargo owners, security and enforcement bodies using researchers’ developed questionnaire titled ‘Multiple Agencies and Management of Maritime Industry Questionnaire’ (MAMMIQ). Using descriptive statistics with qualitative insights from case studies, the researchers found out that there are overlaps and duplication of responsibilities amongst agencies involved the regulations and management of the maritime sector. Again, findings revealed that inter-agency rivalries lead to increased operational costs, double taxation, delay in cargo delivery and conflicting directives. Result also revealed that multi-agency involvement drives up financial burdens. Based on the findings of this study, the researchers concluded that Nigeria’s maritime governance structure encourages overlapping mandates among regulatory agencies which creates administrative bottleneck and operational inefficiency. Consequently, the researcher recommended the need for a maritime governance reforms that will urgently eliminate duplicated efforts, enhance coordination, and improve operation efficiency within the maritime domain.
Martha Begumya, Prof. Mugisha David Begumya
The study examined organizational conflicts and their effects on employee performance using Kampala International University (KIU) Main campus. The study aimed at establishing the various types of conflicts, their main causes, potential areas of conflicts and the effects conflicts have on employee performance. Three methods of data collection were used to study 100 respondents namely self-administered questionnaire, formal and informal interviews. The study found out that there are five types of conflicts at KIU. These include intrapersonal conflicts, interpersonal conflict, intra faculty conflicts, inter faculty conflicts and inter organizational conflict. Secondly the study found out that there are several causes of conflict at KIU among which are absence of materials for staff use, interference of top management in day to day activities of the university, centralized decision making, lack of employee empowerment, cultural differences which cause mistrust and suspicion, conflicting roles and responsibilities due to job ambiguity and failure of the university to pay lecturers for overload. Thirdly potential areas for more conflicts at KIU abound and unless they are addressed immediately, they may culminate into more conflicts either in the short or long run or both. Fourthly, most (over 95%) of staff at KIU believe that conflicts have led to unnecessary stress, blockage in communication, lack of cooperation, increased sense of distrust and suspicion, staff absenteeism due to demoralization, loss of morale and lack of a sense of belonging. To overcome the following, KIU should ensure good planning for the scarce resources, clarify what each individual is expected to accomplish, train employees in conflict management, reduce unnecessary interferences of top management in lower management affairs and streamline the administrative machinery of the university.
Jim Boy Moreno Pestaño
This thesis study entitled “Organizational Commitment, Adaptive Performance and Job Satisfaction of Hotel Employees in Region XII” investigated the level of organizational commitment, adaptive performance and job satisfaction of hotel employees and designed to yield an intervention program that will help increase if not sustain the above-mentioned variables. The study consisted of 10 problems and 3 hypotheses. The research instrument which was an adapted 4-part questionnaire was administered to 782 hotel employees, 91 of which are managers/administration and 691 are employees of two-to-four stars hotels in Region XII accredited by the Department of Tourism to examine the level of organizational commitment, adaptive performance and job satisfaction of hotel employees. It used the descriptive research design particularly descriptive normative survey and correlational research to determine the level of organizational commitment, adaptive performance and job satisfaction of hotel employees. The paradigm of the study was the IPO (input, process, and output) where each variable was thoroughly discussed in the review of related literature and studies. The data were statistically analyzed using the frequency count, percentages, mean, standard deviation, t-test, ANOVA and Pearson r. The result shows that respondents were often committed to the organization, often performed adaptively and often satisfied with their job. The hotel is therefore, urged to improve the level of organizational commitment, adaptive performance, and job satisfaction of hotel employees. Relative to the result of the study, an intervention program in a form of revisiting the policy manual and strategic planning is proposed.
Habib Ussi Hamad, Siri Roland Xavier
This research examines how performance measurement systems are utilized by small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Tanzania’s tourism sector, particularly within the accommodation subsector. The study focused on three objectives: 1) analyzing the impact of factors such as environmental uncertainty, ethnic ownership, business size, and strategic orientation on the use of performance measurement systems; 2) investigating the methods these SMEs use to implement these systems; and 3) exploring how these systems influence key organizational capabilities like resource teaming, strong routines, entrepreneurial spirit, and innovativeness as well as overall performance. A mixed-methods approach was employed, utilising semi-structured interviews and surveys, with analysis conducted using NVivo software and Structural Equation Modelling (PLS method). The findings showed that the contextual factors significantly influenced the adoption of performance measurement systems and their relationship with organizational performance through enhanced capabilities. This research provides valuable insights to the management accounting literature, particularly for SMEs in developing nations, and offers practical recommendations for business management and policymaking to support SME growth in the tourism sector.
Byayesu Benjamin, Dr. Ainomugisha Andrew, Dr. Nuwatuhaire Benard
This study investigated the role of pre-marital church counselling in promoting family stability among Christians in Bweranyangi Deanery Specifically West Ankole Diocese. Uganda. Using a mixed-method approach, quantitative data was collected through structured questionnaires administered to 50 married respondents, while qualitative insights were gathered from in-depth interviews with church leaders and counsellors. Quantitative findings revealed that pre-marital church counselling positively affect family stability. Qualitative results underscored the vital role of spiritual teachings in grounding couples’ commitment, the importance of communication strategies for conflict resolution, and the emerging inclusion of sexual education as a tool for marital satisfaction. The study concluded that comprehensive pre-marital counselling encompassing spiritual, communicative, and sexual dimensions is essential for fostering stable and fulfilling Christian marriages. The study recommended strengthening counselling programs, continuous counsellor training, and expanding post-marital support.
Dr. John Kamau, Dr. Moses O. Owino, Tom Namoi Kerkulah Sherman
This paper has addressed how allocation of resources affects performance of the public hospitals using the example of John F. Kennedy Medical Center in Montserrado County, Liberia. Descriptive research design approach was used to allow a systematic evaluation to take place without interfering with the natural setting. The target population included 214 employees of the hospital, and purposive sampling was used to complement the census approach and justify the efficiency in the progress of the data collection. Primary data was collected using structured questionnaire consisting of open and closed ended questions, and scale used in answering the questions had a five-point likert scale. Analysis of the data included incorporating descriptive measurers like the average and standard error to give a summary of trends, as well as income methods like correlation and regression analysis to build association of variables. Upon research findings, allocation of financial, human, capital, and technological resources seemed to have significant effect to hospital performance, although there are various dimensions that have varying effects to it. Regression analysis-based results showed that the allocation of resources is one of the major indicators of efficiency in operation and results of services delivery. Resting on such findings, the research proposes a more calculated, balanced, and needs-connected distribution of resources in order to gain the optimum output in state medical establishments. Such insights can have real-life implications in the context of better hospital administrators and policymakers striving to have better healthcare systems by managing all the resources efficiently.
Dr (Mrs.) Vida Commey, Irene Ashley, Ms. Atiku Latifatu
This study investigates the role of sustainable green practices in hotel operations, focusing on waste reduction and energy conservation in the Kumasi Metropolis. The research employed a mixed-method approach, using questionnaires administered to 100 hotel staff and managers. Findings revealed that the most widely implemented waste reduction strategies included waste segregation (RII = 0.78) and food waste minimization (RII = 0.76), while composting (RII = 0.56) and structured staff training (RII = 0.66) were weakly adopted. On energy conservation, LED lighting (RII = 0.84), equipment maintenance (RII = 0.80), and guest awareness campaigns (RII = 0.78) were the most effective practices, whereas renewable energy adoption remained low (RII = 0.56) due to high costs and lack of incentives. The study also established that green practices contribute significantly to cost savings and improved reputation among eco-conscious guests. However, challenges such as high initial investment, limited staff training, and policy gaps hinder widespread adoption. The research concludes that sustainable green practices are achievable and beneficial if supported by stronger managerial commitment, government incentives, and stakeholder collaboration. Recommendations include integrating sustainability into hotel policies, enhancing staff capacity-building, and providing government subsidies for renewable energy adoption.
Dr. Nuwatuhaire Benard, Dr. Twiine Johnson, Mukundane Esau
This study examined the relationship between teacher leadership behaviors and organizational effectiveness in primary schools in Sheema Municipality, Uganda. A correlational research design was employed, combining quantitative and qualitative methods on a sample size of 260 respondents. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression analysis, while qualitative data were subjected to thematic analysis. The findings revealed that primary schools in Sheema Municipality exhibit high levels of organizational effectiveness, particularly in communication, collaboration, teaching and learning organization, and goal setting, although staff morale and resource allocation were moderate. The study concluded that active teacher leadership significantly enhances organizational effectiveness by improving decision-making, promoting collaboration, and positively influencing student outcomes. The findings underscore the importance of fostering teacher leadership through training, professional development, and supportive policies. The study recommended strengthening teacher collaboration, providing leadership training, enhancing staff motivation, optimizing resource allocation, and integrating teacher leadership development into school improvement strategies.
Dr. Nuwatuhaire Benard, Tumurebire Anani
This study examined the contribution of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in enhancing worship services within Ryakasinga Archdeaconry, West Ankole Diocese, Uganda. It focused on the use of social media platforms, online streaming and broadcasting, and digital communication tools in improving worship attendance, engagement, spiritual growth, and community outreach. A descriptive cross-sectional design employing mixed method was used on a sample size of 187. Quantitative and quantitative data was collected using questionnaires and interview guide.. The findings revealed that ICT significantly contributed to better communication, increased participation, and enriched worship experiences. Online streaming was identified as the strongest predictor of positive worship outcomes, followed by social media use and digital communication tools. Challenges such as technical limitations and digital literacy gaps were also noted. The study concluded that ICT is a critical enabler for modern worship, fostering inclusivity and spiritual connection. The study Recommended expanding ICT infrastructure, training church personnel, and integrating hybrid worship models to maximize reach and engagement.
Ahmad Dahlan Salleh, Ahmad Yunus Mohd Noor
The hurūf al-maāni have a profound connection in understanding the meaning of a sentence pattern in the Arabic language and in deriving legal rulings according to Shariah. This is because most issues related to dalālah (indication) and fiqh matters depend on the understanding of the meaning of the particles present in the text. This paper discusses the concept of wāu 'ataf, the importance of its usage by scholars, and its effect on the istinbāt (deduction) of fiqh rulings. The field of Arabic language is challenging and constantly evolving over time. These developments necessitate the ijtihad of scholars in determining rulings for specific issues. Mujtahids derive rulings from authoritative sources, namely the Qur’an, Sunnah, and valid ijma’, while also referring to the principles of istidlāl (deductive reasoning) and istinbāt in Islamic law. These principles revolve around the Arabic language, grammar (nahu), and rhetoric (balaghah). This paper analyses the meaning and significance of wāu 'ataf from the perspectives of both Arabic linguists and scholars of usul al-fiqh in their classical works. The analysis shows that it has become a supporting source in establishing several rulings, including various fiqh issues, and serves as a methodology for istinbāt in cases of differing madhhab opinions. This paper also provides examples of the usage of wāu 'ataf in several fiqh issues.
Maisarah Mohamed Saat, Nor Amira Syairah Binti Zulkarnaini, Tan Ling Lie
Today, cloud computing has become an important part of accounting work. It helps firms with cost saving and easy access to financial data anywhere and anytime. However, the excessive reliance on digital systems can also become a more significant risk of cyberattacks. As such, high-quality cybersecurity securing financial data has become one of the priorities. It is a technological transformation that directly affects the employability and lack of skills requirements among accountants. To stay relevant the accountants are also required to acquire knowledge on accounting and technology, particularly, the cloud computing and cybersecurity. Accountants would thus need these skills to stay competitive in this digital dynamic world. The article under discussion is related to the impact of cloud computing and cybersecurity competencies on the employability of accountants in the digital age.
Bakary S. Sonko
The strategic imperative for MNCs to balance global integration with local adaptation is a basic assumption of international business. Yet, the application and outcomes of this hybrid model are still critically underexplored in the case of Africa. This paper explores the localisation strategy of MNCs operating within the consumer goods and fast-food industries across South Africa, Kenya, and Tanzania. Utilising a qualitative multi-case study approach, it juxtaposes the operational, marketing, and corporate social responsibility strategies of firms such as KFC and Coca-Cola. Results identify an emergent taxonomy: while technological and marketing adaptations abound, often successful, as in the case of KFC's use of Zenput and micro-influencer campaigns. The implementation of labour standards often fails; similarly, CSR initiatives vary from transformative social embeddedness, such as KFC's Add Hope, to more criticised "soft marketing" efforts, as evident in Coca-Cola's water projects. The paper concludes that the effectiveness of the hybrid model is not inherent but rather a function of its implementation. It calls for a co-development paradigm in which MNC performance would be measured by its ability to build equitable partnerships, ensure radical transparency, and align its core operations with SDGs so as to address deep-seated critiques of neo-colonialism and corruption.
Masliana Tamrin, Norazamimah Bogal, Nurul Aida Harun, Surya Ahmad Royali
Electronic word-of-mouth, or eWOM, has become a significant influence on how tourists make decisions, especially in the rapidly expanding ecotourism industry. Ecotourism research is still scattered and underdeveloped, despite the fact that many studies have looked at eWOM in general tourism contexts. By synthesizing existing literature and incorporating theoretical viewpoints, such as Source Credibility Theory, the Information Adoption Model, the Theory of Planned Behavior, and Destination Image Theory, this conceptual paper fills this gap and creates a comprehensive framework that explains how eWOM affects ecotourism destination choice. The framework identifies the following important factors: moderators (eco-consciousness, generational differences, and previous travel experience), mediators (destination image, trust in sustainability practices, and memorable tourist experiences), and antecedents (eWOM credibility, quality, and valence). Future empirical testing will be guided by the hypotheses put forth. This report advances theoretical knowledge, laying the groundwork for further research and useful advice for ecotourism destination marketers looking to use eWOM to promote sustainable travel experiences.
Farhana Foysal Satata, Tahmina Khanam.
Small and Medium Size Enterprises (SMEs) are considered major contributor in the overall development of an economy and Bangladesh is no different. But in case of retaining talent management SMEs are struggling with their limited resources, poor employee branding and formal human resource management practices within their organizations. This article investigated how the Talent Management Practices (TMP) influence the Employee Retention (ER) in SME sector where the mediating variables were identified as Workplace Culture (WC) and Employee Engagement (EE). TMP construct included identification of critical positions, compensation practices, training and development and talent recruitment. Coupling with Resource-Based View Theory, the study had taken seven hypotheses which examined the direct and mediated effect of TMP, WC, EE, and ER. In order to examine the hypothesis the study conducted a survey on 425 employees and managers of SMEs of the manufacturing, services, trading, and technology industries in Bangladesh. Smart PLS 4 was used to analyse the data in order to measure model and structural model. All the offered hypotheses are confirmed in the results demonstrating that TMP has a positive impact on ER but not only directly, but also indirectly through WC and EE. The results of the analysis indicated that well-formulated talent practices and positive work environment play constructive roles in employee engagement and retention, which eventually can ensure the attainment of SMEs competitive advantage and corporate sustainability. The theoretical contribution of the study is the contextualisation of TMP, WC and EE in the context of SMEs in developing economy, and its contribution to the body of empirical evidence of mediating mechanism of engagement and culture. The study suggested several recommendations for SME managers and policymakers that can be used in developing effective low-cost methods of retaining talents. This study also highlights the need of incorporating HR interventions to reflect their alignment with organizational culture and enhance workforce stability, and organizational performance in resource-poor settings
Fazlin Shasha binti Abdullah, Mohd Yuhafidz bin Mohd Yusof, Nadzirah binti Nasir, Zaileen Elina binti Arifin
This study explores the mediating role of risk perception in the relationship between past travel experience, sensation-seeking personality, and international tourists’ intention to visit Malaysia. Based on survey data from 384 respondents, results show that past travel experience and sensation-seeking personality significantly influence travel intention but have no effect on risk perception. Unexpectedly, risk perception demonstrates a positive association with travel intention, indicating that higher perceived risk does not necessarily discourage travel. The study contributes to tourism literature by highlighting the complex role of risk in decision-making and recommends improving destination safety, crisis preparedness, service quality, and communication strategies.