Exploring the Potential of Waqf for Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): A Narrative Review Approach

Abstract

The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) represent a global agenda to address multidimensional challenges of poverty, inequality, and environmental degradation, yet many developing countries struggle to mobilize sufficient resources to achieve these targets. Within this context, waqf, an Islamic philanthropic endowment, offers unique potential as a sustainable financing mechanism due to its perpetual nature and historical role in supporting socio-economic welfare. However, the contribution of waqf to the SDGs remains underexplored, particularly in terms of how its resources and mechanisms can be effectively structured to enhance development outcomes. The aim of this study is to propose the criteria that integrate waqf and SDGs context. This article employed a narrative review approach, drawing data primarily from the Scopus database, and applies an integrative thematic analysis to identify and synthesize key themes, and concepts. The findings suggest 5 (Five) themes that contribute to the SDG which are; 1) Waqf resources and governance, 2) Community participation, 3) Technology integration on waqf management, 4) Environmental sustainability, and 5) Infrastructure, healthcare, and education. This article has contributed by adding new construct theme as mentioned, as well as practical implication towards institution involved with waqf management and policy maker to develop waqf model as align with SDG’s global agenda.