Barriers to Digital Entrepreneurship among Persons with Disabilities: A Systematic Review

Abstract

Digital entrepreneurship has emerged as a key enabler of economic inclusion, particularly for Persons with Disabilities (PWDs). In Malaysia, digital platforms offer opportunities for PWDs to overcome traditional physical and structural barriers; however, participation remains limited due to persistent challenges. This study employs a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) guided by the PRISMA framework and the PICo model to synthesise recent evidence on the barriers faced by Malaysian PWDs in digital entrepreneurship. Using the Scopus database, fifty studies were initially identified, and sixteen peer-reviewed articles meeting the inclusion criteria were selected for thematic analysis and quality appraisal using the JBI checklist. The findings reveal four interrelated categories of barriers—technological (limited access to assistive tools and digital infrastructure), psychological (low confidence and digital self-efficacy), institutional (weak policy implementation and limited training support), and social (stigma and exclusion from networks). These multidimensional barriers are mutually reinforcing, collectively restricting PWDs' ability to establish and sustain digital enterprises. The study highlights the importance of inclusive policies, enhanced digital accessibility, and empowerment-oriented capacity-building initiatives in supporting Malaysia's progress toward achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 8 and 10, specifically decent work and reduced inequalities.