Green Strategic Management for Sustainable Development: A Systematic Review of Practices in Energy, Manufacturing, Procurement, Finance, and Human Resources

Abstract

Sustainability has emerged as a central concern in contemporary strategic management due to escalating climate change, environmental degradation, and resource scarcity. This study provides a rigorous systematic review of green strategic management practices and their contribution to sustainable development. Guided by the PRISMA framework, the study synthesizes peer-reviewed literature across six major domains: green energy, green manufacturing, green procurement, green finance, and green human resources. Grounded in the Resource-Based View (RBV) and Triple Bottom Line (TBL) theory, the review integrates empirical evidence to evaluate how organizations leverage internal capabilities and sustainability-oriented strategies to achieve economic, environmental, and social outcomes. A structured search across major databases yielded 100 articles, of which 18 met the inclusion criteria after screening and quality assessment. Findings indicate that green strategic practices significantly enhance organizational efficiency, reduce environmental impact, and improve long-term competitiveness. However, inconsistencies exist across sectors, and gaps remain in SME adoption, longitudinal evidence, and technological integration. The study contributes to theory by advancing the integration of RBV and TBL in sustainability discourse and offers practical implications for policymakers, firms, and financial institutions.